The cost approach would most likely be used by an appraiser to estimate the value of a:

The cost approach is particularly effective for valuing properties that are unique or not frequently sold, such as a synagogue. This method involves estimating the cost to replace or reproduce the property, minus any depreciation. Since a synagogue has unique characteristics and serves a specific purpose that might not align with the market approach typically used for residential properties, the cost approach allows appraisers to accurately account for those specific features and their associated costs.

In contrast, a three-family residence or a single-family residence often have many comparable sales available, making the sales comparison approach more appropriate. For vacant industrial land, since it lacks existing structures and features, the income approach or market comparison might be more suitable as well. Thus, for a property like a synagogue, where market data is limited and its specific use is critical to its value, the cost approach stands out as the most effective method.